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[bʱ]→[pʰ]Certainty: 5/5Commonality: 3/5

Devoicing Fortition Plosive Aspiration Historical Linguistics Indo-Aryan

Voiced aspirated bilabial plosive to Voiceless aspirated bilabial plosive

The phonetic transformation from a voiced aspirated bilabial plosive (bʱ) to a voiceless aspirated bilabial plosive (pʰ) is a historical sound change characterized by devoicing. While both sounds retain their bilabial place of articulation and aspiration, the vocal cords cease to vibrate during the production of the plosive, resulting in a voiceless sound. This shift is particularly notable in the development of certain Indo-Aryan languages.

Phonetic Effects

Devoicing, Loss of Breathy Voice, Fortition

Language Examples

Punjabi Indo-Aryan

Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʱ→Punjabi pʰ— Punjabi historically lost its voiced aspirated consonants, leading to the development of a tone system. Original voiced aspirated stops, such as *bʱ, devoiced to their voiceless aspirated counterparts, like pʰ, or merged with existing voiceless aspirated sounds, with the voicing distinction being replaced by tone.

Related Transformations

Reverse

More Indo-Aryan Shifts

[ai] → [e] — Monophthongization [b] → [p] — Voice Loss [d] → [t] — Voice Loss [ɡʲ] → [tɕ] — Palatalization [ɡʲ] → [dz] — Fronting

Sources & References

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