[ǃ]→[ɾ]Certainty: 4/5Commonality: 2/5

Alveolar click to Voiced alveolar flap

The transformation from an alveolar click to an alveolar flap is a process of click attrition, where the complex ingressive mechanism is lost, and the alveolar contact resolves into a pulmonic liquid.

Phonetic Effects

Click Attrition, Pulmonicization, Lenition

Language Examples

Khoisan Languages Khoisan

ǃ→ɾ/r— Historical trends in several Khoisan dialects show the simplification of clicks into alveolar flaps or stops.

Xhosa/Zulu Dialects Bantu

ǃ→ɾ— Modern variations in urban contact areas can see clicks replaced by pulmonic rhotics or stops in fast speech.

Related Transformations

Reverse Stopping Nasalization

More Bantu Shifts

[d] → [n] — Nasal Assimilation [j] → [ʑ] — Fortition [k] → [g] — Voicing [k] → [ɣ] — Lenition [ts] → [l] — Lenition

Sources & References

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