The Universal Atlas of Phonetic Evolution
Back to Matrix [r] → [d] Edit this Data

[d]→[r]Certainty: 5/5Commonality: 3/5

Voiced alveolar plosive to Alveolar trill

The shift from [d] to [r] is a form of Rhotacism involving the weakening of a voiced alveolar stop into a tap or trill. This is particularly common in certain Italian dialects and in fast speech in English.

Phonetic Effects

Rhotacism, Lenition

Language Examples

madonna→maronna— Intervocalic [d] regularly shifts to [r] in Neapolitan.
ladder [d]→[ɾ]— In many English dialects, intervocalic /d/ is realized as an alveolar tap [ɾ], a rhotic sound.

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