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[dʱ]→[tʰ]Certainty: 5/5Commonality: 4/5

Armenian Hellenic Devoicing Aspiration Plosive Indo-European

Voiced aspirated alveolar plosive to Voiceless aspirated alveolar plosive

This phonetic transformation describes the historical shift where a voiced aspirated alveolar plosive becomes its voiceless aspirated counterpart. This change primarily involves the devoicing of the consonant, meaning the vocal cords cease to vibrate during its articulation, while the accompanying puff of air (aspiration) is retained.

Phonetic Effects

Devoicing, Laryngeal Shift

Language Examples

Western Armenian Armenian

dʱ→tʰ— The Classical Armenian and Eastern Armenian letter 'դ' (da), pronounced as a voiced alveolar plosive /d/, regularly corresponds to a voiceless aspirated alveolar plosive /tʰ/ in Western Armenian.

Ancient Greek Hellenic

dʱ→tʰ— Proto-Indo-European voiced aspirated stops, including *dʰ, underwent devoicing to become voiceless aspirated stops like /tʰ/ in Ancient Greek.

Related Transformations

Reverse

More Devoicing Shifts

[b] → [p] — Voice Loss [d] → [dʑ] — Palatalization [d] → [t] — Voice Loss [e] → [o] — Backing [ei] → [e] — Monophthongization

Sources & References

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