The Universal Atlas of Phonetic Evolution
Back to Matrix [t] → [k] Edit this Data

[k]→[t]Certainty: 5/5Commonality: 4/5

Voiceless velar plosive to Voiceless alveolar plosive

The shift from the velar stop [k] to the alveolar stop [t] is a classic example of 'velar fronting'. It is a nearly universal phenomenon in child language acquisition, where speakers substitute front-of-mouth sounds (which are easier to articulate and observe) for back-of-mouth sounds. It also occurs occasionally as a permanent historical dialect shift.

Phonetic Effects

Velar Fronting, Assimilation

Language Examples

car [k]→[tɑːɹ]— Developmental substitution replacing the velar closure with an alveolar closure.
can→tan
/k/ before front vowels→[t] or [c]— Historical fronting of the velar stop towards the alveolar/palatal ridge.

Related Transformations

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