[q]→[x]Certainty: 5/5Commonality: 4/5
Voiceless uvular plosive to Voiceless velar fricative
The spirantization or fronting of a voiceless uvular stop to a voiceless velar fricative, common in Turkic and Arabic regional variants.
Phonetic Effects
Spirantization, Fronting
Language Examples
q→x [x]— In many dialects, the uvular stop /q/ is realized as a velar or uvular fricative.
q→x [x]— Spirantization of /q/ is observed in certain rural or Bedouin dialects.
Related Transformations
More Spirantization Shifts
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