[z]→[r]Certainty: 5/5Commonality: 4/5
Voiced alveolar fricative to Alveolar trill
The direct shift from the voiced alveolar fricative [z] to the alveolar trill or tap [r] is the core mechanism of historical Rhotacism. It typically occurs in intervocalic positions where the fricative is weakened into a rhotic sonorant.
Phonetic Effects
Language Examples
historical *z→[r]— Proto-Germanic *z (from PIE *s via Verner's Law) became [r] in North and West Germanic.
Related Transformations
More Germanic Shifts
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