The Universal Atlas of Phonetic Evolution
Back to Matrix [ẽ] → [ã] Edit this Data

[ã]→[ẽ]Certainty: 4/5Commonality: 4/5

Nasalized open front unrounded vowel to Nasalized close-mid front unrounded vowel

The nasalized low vowel [ã] raises toward the near-open front nasalized vowel [ɛ̃] through a combination of aerodynamic factors and phonological contrast. This shift occurs historically in Romance languages as nasal vowel systems developed from Latin, and continues in modern dialects through chain shifts. Nasalization co-articulation tends to raise vowel height as the velum lowering creates aerodynamic pressure that raises the tongue body.

Phonetic Effects

Raising, Vowel Shift

Language Examples

[ã]→[ɛ̃]
Latin mãnum→Old French main [mɛ̃]
[ã]→[ɐ̃]
mão→[mɐ̃w]

Related Transformations

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